The higher water plants of some reservoirs of biological clearing in the Kursk area
UDC 504.73:58
A.V. Galyas
Kursk State University, Russia
By object of research have been chosen ecosystems some ponds of biological treatment in the Kursk area: the cascade from 5 flowing ponds in the Svoboda settlement (a sewage of electromechanical factory); the cascade from 4 flowing ponds in the Solnechnyy settlement (an household sewage); a single flowing pond in the Iskra settlement (an household sewage); a single stagnant pond in the Verkhnekasinovo village (an poultry-farm sewage).
In Svoboda and Solnechnyy settlements the higher water vegetation covers to 30-40 % of the area of the cascade of ponds, reaching 50 % in separate places. Difficult character is represented bioponds of the Iskra settlement and Verkhnekasinovo village because of their insignificant area and strong pollution. These ponds are characterized plentiful pleustophytont-filled – to 60 % of a mirror during the investigated period.
As a part of aero-aquatic (helophytes) vegetation prevail cenosises a bur reed (Phragmites communis Ttin.) and broad-leaved cat’s-tail (Typha latifolia L.), extended to all ponds and occupying the greatest areas. Are so extended, but concede on the area, cenosises narrow-leaved cat’s-tail (T. angustifolia L.) and great bulrush (Scirpus lacustris L.). In final reservoirs of the cascade of bioponds of the Svoboda and Solnechnyy settlementmet occur old-world arrowhead (Sagittaria sagittifolia L.), flowering rush (Butomus umbellatus L.), reed manna grass (Glyceria maxima Holmb.) and water plantain (Alisma plantago-aquatica L.). In the same place single finds of an aquatic blueflag (Iris pseudacorus L.), unbranched bur-reed (Sparganium simplex Huds.) and fine-leaved dropwort (Oenanthe aquatica Poir.).
The floating leaves vegetation (pleustophytes) is presented cenosises duckweeds small (Lemna minor L.) and duckweeds star (L. trisulca L.). In bioponds of the Svoboda settlement is register a yellow water lily (Nuphar lutea L.), and in the Solnechnyy settlement the insignificant quantity of example common floating pondweed (Potamogeton natans L.). In the same ponds sporadic example frog’s-bit (Hydrocharis morsus-ranae L.) and greater duckweed (Spirodela polyrrhiza L.).
In hydatophytes structure of prevail cenosises Canadian pondweed (Elodea canadensi Michx.), morass-weed (Ceratophyllum demersum L.) and fennel-leaved pondweed (P. pectinatus L.). Individual finds are noted parrot’s-feather (Myriophyllum spicatum L.) and common bladderwort (Utricularia vulgaris L.).
It is possible to assume, that because of specific features of chemical and biological structure of water during existence of the given ponds development in preference was received by species of wider ecology (from the point of view of phytocenosis aspect).
Published: Galyas, A. V. The higher water plants of some reservoirs of biological clearing in the Kursk area / A. V. Galyas // Biodiversity. Ecology. Adaptation. Evolution: Theses of the 4th International Conference students, postgraduate students and youths of scientists, on September, 16—19, 2009. – Odessa, 2009. – Р. 174—175.
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